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Pocket neighborhood
A pocket neighborhood is a type of planned community that consists of a grouping of smaller residences, often around a courtyard or common garden, designed to promote a close knit sense of community and neighborliness with an increased level of contact.〔Home Builder Network. ''Builder'', September 2005. ("Pocket Change" ). Retrieved on July 28, 2009.〕 Considerations involved in planning and zoning pocket neighborhoods include reducing or segregating parking and roadways, the use of shared communal areas that promote social activities, and homes with smaller square footage built in close proximity to one another (high density). Features in the smaller homes are designed to maximize space and can use built in shelves and porch areas, encouraging time spent outside with a focal point around a greenspace (instead of parking areas).〔
Environmental considerations often play a role in the planning of pocket neighborhoods, and those advocating them promote their design as an alternative to the sprawl, isolation, expense, and commuter and automobile focus of many larger homes in suburban developments.
== Origins ==
The term "pocket neighborhood" was coined by architect Ross Chapin. In 1995, Chapin partnered with The Cottage Company founder Jim Soules to build the first contemporary pocket neighborhood, the Third Street Cottages, in the city of Langley on Whidbey Island in Puget Sound. The Third Street Cottages, a collection of 8 modest cottages,〔Lisa Selin Davis The Good Life; pride of place April 2008 page 17-22 ''Cottage Living''〕 were developed to take advantage of Langley's cottage ordinance,〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Langley Municipal Code Ch. 18.22.180 - Cottage Housing )〕 where zoning allowed for double density housing "if the homes were limited to 975 square feet".〔
Soules describes a pocket neighborhood as "a group of homes that face and relate to one another around a landscaped common area—the old bungalow court approach." Chapin also credits Radburn design housing, architect Bernard Maybeck's Rose Walk in the Berkeley Hills, and early 20th century cottage courts such as Seattle's Pine Street Cottages as influences on the pocket neighborhood plan.〔 Pocket neighborhoods often adopt a model of cooperative ownership and shared community responsibilities similar to cohousing communities.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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